scratch

scratch
scratch [skræt∫]
1. noun
(on skin) égratignure f ; (on paint, car) éraflure f ; (on glass, record) rayure f
• they came out of it without a scratch ils s'en sont sortis sans une égratignure
• the cat gave her a scratch le chat l'a griffée
• to start from scratch partir de zéro (inf)
• he didn't come up to scratch il ne s'est pas montré à la hauteur
2. transitive verb
   a. (with nail, claw) griffer ; [+ varnish] érafler ; [+ record, glass] rayer
• he scratched his hand on a nail il s'est écorché la main avec un clou
• he scratched his name on the wood il a gravé son nom dans le bois
• it only scratched the surface (figurative) c'était très superficiel
• we've only managed to scratch the surface of the problem nous n'avons fait qu'effleurer le problème
   b. (to relieve itch) gratter
• to scratch o.s. se gratter
• to scratch one's head se gratter la tête
• you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours un petit service en vaut un autre
   c. [+ meeting, match] annuler ; (Computing) effacer ; [+ competitor] scratcher ; (US) [+ candidate] rayer de la liste
• to scratch a ballot (US Politics) modifier un bulletin de vote (en rayant un nom)
3. intransitive verb
(with nail, claw) griffer ; ( = to relieve itch) se gratter ; [hen] gratter le sol
• the dog was scratching at the door le chien grattait à la porte
4. compounds
► scratch pad noun bloc-notes m
► scratch paper noun (US) (papier m de) brouillon m
► scratch out separable transitive verb
• to scratch sb's eyes out arracher les yeux à qn
* * *
[skrætʃ] 1.
noun
1) (wound) gen égratignure f; (from a claw, fingernail) griffure f
2) (on metal, furniture) éraflure f; (on record, disc, glass) rayure f
3) (to relieve an itch)

to have a scratch — se gratter

4) (sound) grattement m
5) (colloq)

he/his work is not up to scratch — il/son travail n'est pas à la hauteur

6) (zero)

to start from scratch — partir de zéro

7) Sport

to play off scratch — jouer scratch

2.
adjective [team] de fortune; [meal] improvisé

he's a scratch golfer — il joue scratch

3.
transitive verb
1) (cancel) supprimer; effacer [file]
2) (trace)

to scratch one's initials on something — graver ses initiales sur quelque chose

3) [cat, person] griffer; [thorns, rosebush] égratigner

to scratch somebody's eyes out — arracher les yeux à quelqu'un

4) (react to itch) gratter

to scratch an itch — se gratter

to scratch one's head — lit se gratter la tête; fig être perplexe

5) (damage) gen érafler; rayer [record]; [cat] se faire les griffes sur [furniture]
6) Sport retirer, scratcher
4.
intransitive verb
1) (relieve itch) se gratter
2) (inflict injury) griffer
5.
reflexive verb

to scratch oneself — se gratter

Phrasal Verbs:
••

you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours — un service en vaut un autre

scratch a translator and you'll find a writer underneath! — dans tout traducteur il y a un écrivain qui sommeille!


English-French dictionary. 2013.

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